Cimorene

Oh yeah, the pedagogical studies at the universities of applied sciences. They don't confer with them the qualification to teach at primary or secondary school or high school. They are mostly meant for teachers at those self-same universities of applied sciences, but they are also useful for other teachers who teach adults. You need a few years of work experience in your field to be admitted into the programs. My mother (who teaches Finnish for foreigners) qualified thorough that kind of program, and she thinks they are more practical in nature than the university ones.